2013年5月30日星期四

2016, third-party leasing model of doom rooftop PV


Of course, the solar industry is characterized by combined: for example, closely rival SolarCity, Sungevity, Sunrun and Verengo, the net solar energy measurement against public utilities industries. But the solar industry is also characterized by internal differences, which may become the industry mature Another emerging signs.

Since 2010, third-party ownership (TPO) has quickly come to dominate the market. GTMResearch expects residential solar financing market in 2016 from 2012's $ 1.3 billion increase to $ 5.7 billion. Residential TPO financing has accounted for California, Arizona, Colorado and Massachusetts, over 50% of newly installed capacity, share may increase.

But within five years from now, even though costs continue to decline, whether at the expense of the cost of ownership will remain dominant TPO model in the industry? Massachusetts PV inverter financing companies Sungage CEO and co-founder Sarah Ross (SaraRoss) said that the answer to that question is no.

She told PV-Tech interview, said: "I certainly expect to see a return to the trend of ownership. Than other consumer goods, which is a curse, so far we tend to misinterpret lease and I do not believe that this will continue, especially Because this thing attached to people and involves emotional and psychological home. "

Last month, Ross held in Phoenix, Arizona GTM Solar Summit that will not TPO other consumer-oriented model to obtain. She pointed out that 80 percent of American car drivers own their own cars, while only 20% of the leases. In Germany, every thirty three families in a diy solar panels and 60% of the system by an individual or a farmer has.

She said: "These are two very distinct contrast, should make us all question the current state of U.S. residential solar market reasons. Responsibility on third-party ownership, proof of third-party ownership of the people believe the market will continue to dominate in this ecological causes and system, leading others to continue in this mode to establish business reasons. argument may be very far off the mark ...... (people will say) World Development is one of the reasons. "

Ross claims, TPO is an inverse normal phenomenon, originally drafted from 2006 investment tax credit, personal exemption for only two thousand U.S. dollars, while the reduction of commercial operators can meet up to 30%. Ross said: "The opportunity to produce asymmetrical. Policy of this business model is the illusion that we begin to financial innovation, we've spent six to seven hours planning out financial products sold to customers in this way, I'm not sure whether someoneThis part of the work has been completed. they show is the marketing work. "

U.S. PSE & G garbage dumps and brownfields PV power plant project approved


American Public Utilities Commission has approved a maximum in New Jersey public facilities projects Solar4All, which is expected to reach $ 446 million investment in the garbage dump and brownfield solar power station will utilize large areas known as the Garden State Landfills and contaminated brownfield.

The project will be U.S. public electricity and gas companies (Public Service Electric & Gas) leadership, the company is New Jersey's largest utility company, has entered very early solar power applications, in 2008 it had obtained $ 108 million solar applications loans.

New project by PSE & G to get 2.1 million customers, the company in landfill construction and brown ground small solar panels project, to 2018 yuan per person per year would cost customers $ 4.5, and by 2016 can be achieved for each solar lease projects customers $ 2.12. Including $ 247 million total project of 42MW landfill and brownfield 3MW solar power plants and other small projects will be through loan project investment of nearly $ 199 million construction of the new 97.5MW solar system.

Recently, the Japanese manufacturer Sharp PV modules for the Natural Energy Development Co. (Hereinafter referred to as NED) Thai 85MW photovoltaic power plant construction has been completed ending. May 29, Sharp has released a statement saying, in addition to March 2012 has been built 73.2MW photovoltaic power plants, installed capacity of 10.3MW Photovoltaic Panels power system has also recently completed.

According to this statement revealed, NED company orders the construction of the project handed over to Sharp Corporation, Italian-Thai Development Pcl. With Italthai Engineering Co. Companies. According to the statement, is headquartered in Osaka, Japan, the company serves about 640,000 thin-film photovoltaic modules, compared with crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, at high temperatures, may provide better power performance. Sharp will also provide maintenance services this station.

2013年5月29日星期三

University of San Francisco EMBA students visited the West An Jiayang new special energy


May 24, University of San Francisco EMBA program participants came to the West squad Anjia Yang New Energy Co., Ltd. special study tour, Jia Yang Qiu Yong, deputy general manager of the company, technical quality director Wang Yan Dong attend the reception.

West Anjia Yang New Energy Co., Ltd. is a special TBEA new energy subsidiary, is specialized in solar cells and modules, charge controller application products, solar photovoltaic systems, distributed and roof power plant projects, EPC construction projects through Golden Sun, distributed, green energy cities, migration project, the new rural construction projects such as high-tech enterprises.

Jia Yang Qiu Yong, deputy general manager of the company TBEA the development process, corporate culture, corporate development status, trade advantage, the service concept to visiting foreign dignitaries for a detailed description and to the development of China PV industry, citizens of the new energy acceptance of change, technology and process innovations conducted in-depth exchanges. In Qiu Yong, Wang Yan Dong accompanied visiting foreign dignitaries visited the workshop into the entire production process

Then came Gayang company PV industry Engineering Test Center, by the technical staff to foreign guests Gayang demonstration of photovoltaic inverter module performance testing process. After the visit, the visiting foreign guests on the "TBEA" logo under the photo taken for this study tours draw a satisfactory conclusion.

Gayang company as a representative of photovoltaic enterprises in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of San Francisco bureau recommended EMBA program trainees Gayang companies to visit and study, which is the Shaanxi provincial government for Gayang's recognition and trust, is TBEA in Shaanxi Province influential expression. Gayang company said: will make persistent efforts, striving for success, in order to provide high-quality green energy to return to the community, to create prosperity Shaanxi, harmonious society, ecology Chinese do their best.

Huzhou in Zhejiang Province's first micro-inverter technology built photovoltaic roof


In accordance with the photovoltaic power generation system to calculate the life expectancy of 25 years, 25 years of power generation capacity of 1.3 million degrees, can save 70 million yuan, saving 3,802.7 tons of standard coal, reduce carbon dioxide emissions over 10,000 tons, 35.9 tons or so to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions, reducing nitrogen oxides emissions of 31 tons and more. This is for the environment, but not a small sum benefits.

Online News reporter yesterday from Huzhou South Tai Lake Branch Chong center was informed that the city's first micro-inverter-based distributed photovoltaic systems have been completed. And power generation is expected this week, the annual power generation 52,000 degrees. It is reported that the project by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Huzhou material construction of new energy industry innovation center, yesterday morning, reporters in the South Taihu innovation center on the top floor to see, on the platform facing the sun came in a layer of "blue plaid."

Project Leader sky, told reporters here a total of more than 200 home solar panels , "Do not look at each board area of ​​only 1.5 square meters, absorb solar energy, each block can power 250 watts." "Compared with conventional thermal power, photovoltaic power generation is green, clean, pollution-free. use idle area building roof 'smoke plants' there is a precedent in the city last year, Nanxun and Changxing County were built two traditional concentrated photovoltaic rooftop power generation systems items.

But this project but also with the traditional centralized PV systems differ. "The sky while introducing side refers to reporters," The difference lies in the micro-inverter. "This reporter saw the back of each solar panel has a black charger module is similar, solar grid tie inverter energy can be converted into a direct current through the solar panels, and then through the micro-inverter is converted to one-way alternating current, alternating current output all the way aggregated into distribution cabinets, the conversion of the three-phase alternating current, and eventually to the building power distribution room.

2013年5月28日星期二

Thai Natural Energy Quam town photovoltaic power plant completed


Thai solar project developers Natural Energy Development Co. Announced in Lop Buri, Thailand (Lopburi) town of installed capacity 84 MW solar project completion. According to the Natural Energy Development revealed that investments in the total amount of the project Quam town more than 10 billion baht ($ 335 million), is expected to 10 years, the return on investment amounting to 1.3 billion baht. The first phase of the project to get the Asian open bank term loan 2 billion baht.

According to the Thai English daily show, the first phase was completed in 2011, but only until March of this year at full capacity. The plant is equipped with 540,000 Japanese Sharp produces solar panel  By PPA, power stations producing electricity will be sold to the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand.

Natural Energy is a subsidiary of CLP Holdings CLP Thailand Renewables, Mitsubishi Corporation subsidiary Diamond Generating Asia and Electricity Generating a joint venture, each company holds one-third share of the project. According to reports, Natural Energy is currently looking for further joint venture opportunities to expand Lop Buri Park.

In a letter received more than 20 countries in Europe 700 Yu Jiaguang volts enterprises, 1,024 corporate executives and union recognition signed an open letter opinion, "the European Commission against Chinese solar panels for sale anti-dumping and countervailing investigations punitive final decision tariffs, the European photovoltaic companies may have a huge negative effect, hindering European solar industry growth. "


India has so far only completed its solar installed capacity target 60%


According to Mercom Capital report, India has so far only completed its solar installed capacity target of 60%. India's total installed capacity of solar power 1,761 MW, 2013 So far in installation of about 557MW. Given that most expected to put into operation in May 2013 concentrating solar thermal project will be delayed, the installed capacity is expected in 2013 and 2012 were flat.

This situation mainly lies in the Indian government's "trial" policy and "change every January provides that" creating uncertainty. Report notes that although India is an emerging solar panel price market, but in 2013 the installed capacity may disappoint the market, because the current "satisfactory for all parties" policy regime forgotten key stakeholders, namely the consumer.

This report lists the current concentrator photovoltaic or solar thermal splitting as well as local production quota requirements as the government apparently contradictory example, calls to stop dividing and not allow the market to choose the most cost-effective technologies. According to India's National Solar Mission, as in May 2013, is expected to put into operation 470MW concentrating solar thermal only completed the commissioning of 50MW, will be allowed to defer the remaining ten months.

According to the Government's local production quota requirements (DCR) policy, the implementation of policies and in the most cost-effective purchase price of the original goals of solar panels for sale disjointed. In fact, there has been a lot of change in policy contradictions: "Select reverse bidding process, so solar energy may purchase the lowest reasonable price, but at present all our efforts to ensure that developers can not get lowest price for equipment."

"Government is keen to foreign investment in power generation projects, but at the same time, they command the way the project construction as well as their equipment manufacturing locations scare investors. Investment community makes it all very confusing." Earlier this month, the Indian government confirmed which will provide investors with options for with or without local production quotas required to tender to placate domestic component importers dissatisfaction.

2013年5月27日星期一

Photovoltaic way: You can not hang on foreign markets this tree


Bridging Yongchuan Li Qiang home through the open area residents roof solar panels smoothly into the Chongqing grid. The total installed capacity of 2.760 kilowatts, the use of self-occupied, I power online mode. Equipment package could be generating 10 degrees every day, Li Qiang 2 home electricity per day about 2 degrees, all of the remaining electricity delivered to the grid by the Yongchuan Power Supply Bureau in accordance with local coal benchmark price for the acquisition.

Last year, Global 2/3 PV how to build solar panels production capacity in China, overcapacity led to industry leading corporate bankruptcies -
PV industry: Do not just stare at "a tree" excess: made in China, more than the global installed capacity of PV companies struggling, even the most optimistic about the future prospects of the industry who have to admit that at present China's PV production capacity is indeed a surplus .

Bloomberg New Energy from the survey data show that in 2012, the global production capacity of crystalline silicon modules 60.3GW (1GW = 1 one million kilowatts), which came from China's production capacity for up to 40GW. In other words, the world's 2/3 of the PV production capacity in China. And then, the global PV installed capacity that is 30.5GW.
The most direct consequence of the excess is due to a Aihong PV companies.

3 at the end of this year, once the industry leader Suntech Power Co., Ltd. announced the bankruptcy reorganization. Suntech is the same boat and LDK, under the weight of the huge debt, also come to the verge of bankruptcy. While others are struggling photovoltaic enterprises, the days were not much better. House seemingly endless rain, early in May, on the world's largest PV Expo - SNEC (International Photovoltaic Power Generation Conference & Exhibition) held in Shanghai during the EU small solar panels photovoltaic products "double reverse" and then turmoil, the EU or Chinese PV products will be temporarily re-impose high tariffs. This if the final implementation of the surplus will suffer the pain of Chinese PV companies worse.

A more optimistic view is that the current Chinese PV industry overcapacity is in fact temporary, as long as the photovoltaic industry to adjust their thinking, the photovoltaic industry is still a sunrise industry in the future. In the recent National Renewable Energy Distributed Generation Seminar, National Energy Research Institute researcher Wang Sicheng, believes that by 2050, global PV installed capacity will reach 3000GW, in accordance with the 30-year development period, the average annual installed capacity should have 100GW, So today PV industry overcapacity is in fact temporary, to five years later, or even far enough.

Normalized confidence confident that more people in the industry still more concerned about the plight of the current PV companies how to get rid of. It was generally felt by the Chinese foreign markets raised photovoltaic industry wants out of the woods, you must change in foreign markets this tree hanged on the situation, and vigorously expand the domestic market, both domestic and foreign markets to achieve, learn two legs walk. And for now, the domestic market this leg may also be more critical. When the domestic PV market can be like a few years ago, like wind power, a "suddenly, such as spring night, the Trees of pear blossoms" situation, when the PV industry in the spring came.

EU enterprises protest photovoltaic pair Fanzao Europe


The European Commission on whether China will impose punitive tariffs on photovoltaic products announced preliminary results of the occasion, in the photovoltaic industry chain upstream and downstream of the many forms of protest against European companies to the European Commission "dog in the manger" act of trade protectionism.

24, 2011, on behalf of more than 580 solar companies in Europe, industry associations - the European Union in Brussels Parity polycrystalline solar panels held a special "funeral", "mourning" because of the European Commission against Chinese PV products may impose punitive tariffs and about to lose more than 20 million European jobs. The same day, a line of protesters carrying a special white wooden coffin parade in Brussels, were passing through the European Parliament, the European Council building, headquarters of the European Commission finally stopped in front of the words "will mourn the passing of 200,000 jobs." and other slogans side played a dirge.

The European Union is a parity by the European solar PV industry chain upstream and downstream enterprises consisting of industry alliances, its business for the European people to provide more than 60,000 jobs, and the creation of more than 200 billion euros (about $ 26 billion) in revenue. The association spokesman Torsten general Ignatius Shas in the "funeral", said: "The European Commission proposed the EU imports of Chinese PV products imposed ranged from 37 to 69 percent punitive tariff proposal is wrong and also failed to take into account the European PV industry as a whole. punitive tariffs will lead Europe to lose at least 200,000 jobs. "

General Ignatius Shas said that the European Union is strongly cheap Photovoltaic Panels EU asked the European Commission to consider the entire PV industry chain business interests, only to rely on the industry chain, China's high-quality photovoltaic products to create high added value for the European and employment opportunities.

European independent economic research institutes forecast Institute recently conducted a study showed that the European Union on Chinese PV products such as punitive tariffs will lead to EU consumers installation of photovoltaic products and a significant reduction in the demand for related services, thereby reducing employment opportunities especially photovoltaic industry chain in addition to production on the part of outside employment opportunities. At the same time, since many Chinese PV companies are from Europe and imported raw materials, components, manufacturing equipment, so this will also give European trade protection act bring "added value" of the reduction.

2013年5月26日星期日

Mei Yu Jian one thousand meters of solar tower power use for 200,000


According to the U.S. life science network reported in the American Southwest future there may be a "solar tower", which is a new concept for energy production, it looks like a giant chimney, but it does not release harmful smoke gases, but through the solar heated air, and convert them into electrical energy that can 200,000 residents.
   
 Similar designs proposed solar installations for over 20 years, the basic design prototype called "flexible solar panels Collector", for heating the air near the earth's surface, the heated air is guided into the high central tower, the turbine located at the bottom of the tower manufactured by updraft out of power. Australian Energy Task Ltd. Jim Ford said, "The solar tower design combines chimney, rotating turbines and greenhouse, and ultimately the production of electricity.

 Limited by the Australian Energy Task design up to 1 km of the solar tower, the U.S. government is likely to accept the design concept and plans to build in the American Southwest. Solar Tower is an updated version of the solar chimney, solar chimney is a long history of technology, the use of solar heating to form a natural updraft of air, thus creating electricity.
   
   Ford said that the physical design of the solar panels china tower is very similar to the atmosphere vortex engine, an artificial vortex heated air into the air chimney device, even if the vortex will extend over one solid structure, but the structure of the solar tower power conversion design enables generation.

   In 1982, a small solar tower built in Spain that Thorez Mansa district, the tower height of 195 meters, is a transparent conservatory awnings around the transparent canopy cover diameter of 244 meters. It was originally used as a test prototype, the maximum output power is 50 kilowatts. This small solar tower built using inexpensive materials, the purpose is to use the lowest construction costs, but in 1989 during a storm in this solar tower was eventually blown down. Ford told the American Life Science Network said, "By contrast, the Australian energy company designed solar tower tasks using concrete structures, the sustainable use of at least 50 years.
   
   Currently, the company not only plans to build energy task more rugged solar tower, also plans to build solar power tower higher, which can be ground and the top of the tower to achieve a greater temperature difference, temperature difference is large chimney structure can provide a more powerful suction capability. Ideally designed solar tower height of 800-1000 m, and its diameter 1.5 miles surrounded by a conservatory awnings. Ford said, "This is the ideal solar tower structure, along with the prices of carbon fuels, solar tower will be more commercial advantage.
    
   In a sunny day, the solar tower at the top of the air can reach 20 degrees Celsius, on the ground conservatory awnings air can reach 70 degrees Celsius, when the hot air to 34 miles / hour (about 55 km / h) speed up along the Solar Tower , the 32 rotating turbine will produce up to 200 megawatts of electricity. Although in this operation, the solar tower convert solar energy into electrical energy efficiency is only less than one-tenth of the solar panel. However, the advantages of solar tower is easier to maintain and less costly.

Shell to build world's largest solar panel plant


Showa Shell Oil in 2011 invested more than 100 billion yen (about $ 930 million), the construction of the world's largest solar panel plant, estimated annual production capacity of up to 1,000 megawatts (MWp), equivalent to a nuclear power plant generating capacity . Nihon Keizai Shimbun reported that the Japanese government put forward in view of the installation of solar panels on the family grant program, will drive market demand, Shell plans to set up factories optimistic about solar panels, will be expected to make the company's addition to oil, the excess is another new Lee source. However, the company immediately after the disclosure of the message denied this claim.

    Shell is currently a plant in Miyazaki solar panels for sale plant, the Department of copper, indium and other metal compounds manufactured, annual production capacity of 20MWp, is expected to start operation in June 2009 Miyazaki two factories, annual production capacity is expected to 60MWp. Japanese media pointed out, Shell expects 100 billion yen bets new plant, settled land may elect in Japan, Europe, Middle East, among which three one, the company will be decided in 2009 to set up factories in town.

    This means that there are solar companies, Shell in 2006 to sell its traditional crystalline silicon solar cell production to give Solarworld, turn into the thin-film solar field, presumably that is considered the main crystalline silicon solar nearly two years will be well received by the pain of the polysilicon shortage, thus bet the more long-term development opportunities copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin-film Photovoltaic Panels  Shell live in traditional and renewable energy provider perspective, it should be optimistic about the thin-film solar energy in the solar power market is the most potential to compete with conventional electricity, therefore, will vigorously develop the CIGS thin film solar.

    Currently area CIGS conversion efficiency can be divided into five-inch small-size panels of about 18 to 19%, 5-inch large-size panel conversion efficiency of about 10%, the main production plant in addition to CIGS Japan Shell, and Honda, and the well-known international CIGS plant In Nonosolar mainly in June when it announced plans annual production capacity is also planning to 1,000 MWp.

As optimistic about its conversion efficiency development of space, this year has been a number of solar manufacturers are actively developing and investing, then CIGS production yield big challenge, but also the most interested party has invested heavily in the short term not the main reason. Experts believe that, CIGS most important observation point that is in 2009 the total market share of the number of solar photovoltaic confirm whether the volume and capacity increased simultaneously, we can see CIGS has been successfully commercialized.

2013年5月23日星期四

PV grid urgent policies to promote


China Renewable Energy Development Project Office, a study report shows that despite Renewable energy is the future of humanity's most important source of energy, but without strong regulations and policies to promote the most natural development of renewable energy is far less than the alternative required speed.

In the 1970s, Japanese residents roof of the grid as the target, the implementation of government subsidies for PV systems, the initial cost of subsidies to achieve 70% of PV systems, PV flexible solar panels systems with lower costs, subsidies also reduced, by 2006, Japan subsidy policy has been canceled. At this point the cost of photovoltaic power generation in Japan with conventional power generation cost is quite close.

2006 German market than Japan, mainly due to Germany in 2004 to revise the implementation of the "whole network flat" matching "Tariff Act", making the rapid decline in the cost of photovoltaic power generation. PV systems installed capacity per doubling costs decreased by 20%. From 2004 to 2007, three-year tariff was reduced by about 17%.

Although China in 2006, the implementation of the "Renewable Energy Law", but because of this legislation "tariff" for photovoltaic solar panels china power generation not yet in place, so far, the power sector has not yet formally accepted the photovoltaic electricity, the country has built a demonstration project still in accordance with the pilot projects and networks, thus PV market development in China is still slow.

China Renewable Energy Association executive director, Solar Energy Research Institute of Shanghai Jiaotong University Professor Cui Rongqiang that China PV subsidy policy on not specific, to start the domestic PV market can be divided into different stages, the initial mode may not be entirely a simple tariff adopted in Germany subsidies, but subsidies can take the initial installation and electricity subsidies combined. This will help promote the development of the PV market, the basis for the accumulation of large-scale applications.

PV companies compete to rely on scientific and technological progress and cost reduction


In the current grim situation in the international oil prices, the PV industry has been a great opportunity for development. Experts believe that China should seize this favorable situation, the rapid development of its own photovoltaic industry, in this process should not be satisfied with manufacturing solar cells, but should master the key technology of solar photovoltaic industry, the production of the indicators improved, so adapting international competition and environmental requirements.

    Chinese Academy of Engineering, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences researcher Liang Chun I believe that in our investor to the substantial expansion of the photovoltaic home solar panels industry, they also need to pay attention to three aspects: first, the market capacity issues. According to statistics, China's polysilicon project about 35, planned to reach a production capacity of about 70,000 tons.

The number of domestic enterprises are able to digest, future market demand in the end is how much companies pay attention in the development process. From now on the market can earn a lot of money to see, and no worries about the order, but to a certain time to saturation, price competition has become inevitable. Enterprises in the competition is bound to be subjected to the industry reshuffle, in order to successfully survive, we must rely on scientific and technological progress.

    Second, the comprehensive utilization of recycling economy pollution. Production of polysilicon solar controller produced exhaust pollution emissions of international concern, in accordance with our current technology to produce 1,000 tons of polysilicon byproduct chlorosilane have 9000 tons, to focus on the development and silicones, white carbon black industry combining the chlorine silane conversion, turning waste into treasure.

    Third, the research question. Enterprises in the introduction of foreign equipment and technology, we must also pay attention to carry out independent research. From polysilicon process to pilot every aspect of the whole industry chain should conduct a study to master the key technology, enterprises can truly have the capability of independent innovation.

    Liangyuan Shi stressed that the solar photovoltaic industry will eventually have to enter people's lives, the key is to reduce costs, which requires companies to reduce costs on each process, such as reducing the cost of solar projects, only every step to put money down, to let people use photovoltaic affordable.

2013年5月22日星期三

Financial position is always a major worry solar industry


Solar energy companies in 2012 fourth quarter earnings report released Thursday by the end has been fully completed. Recalling the 2012 controversy, many manufacturers because the average selling prices continued to fall face negative margins, or even the whole year's losses, but fortunately prices finally began to pick up. Global market research firm TrendForce's research department EnergyTrend View 4Q12 revenues according to the database TOP 10 solar giant financial position.

First Photovoltaic Panels and REC debt ratio is below 0.5, the financial structure is sound; contrast, liabilities to assets ratio exceeds 0.8, the relative risk of manufacturers, ten vendors with the highest debt ratio SolarWorld, which current liabilities total liabilities of approximately five into, look at other Chinese manufacturers such as Yuhui Light, Artes, Jinko, not only of liabilities to assets ratio exceeds 0.8, the proportion of debt in current liabilities and rather high, if the water shortage in cash on hand may be a short-term cash flow problems within crisis.

Short-term solvency depends on the liquidity of assets, working capital from the point of view, Yingli, Yu Hui, Artes and Jinko no way to cope with the existing current assets current liabilities; then look quick ratio, net illiquid stock manufacturers in China after the short-term solvency looks quite tight.

If the number of days from receipt Receivables perspective Jinko, Trina Solar and Yingli close now days are higher than the industry level, the elimination of the weak market continues to support the strong, unable to sustain the manufacturers have closed down when the pay particular attention to the quality of accounts, once the loan period is too long or produce bad debts, in the current context of limited liquidity, operational risk for the enterprise will increase significantly.

In addition to First Solar, various solar inverter manufacturers manufacturers are faced with almost the entire year's losses, but EnergyTrend database can be seen to the end of 2012 the plant margin has turned up signs of fiscal 2012 compared with 2011 shipments generally improved, several manufacturers shipments is a record high, remained stable in mature markets and emerging markets in Asia shipments and other areas needs to expand, the first half of 2013 are still expected to continue to maintain a high level of shipments.

EnergyTrend said, although in 2013 first quarter earnings report after another came the good news, the manufacturer also optimistic about this year's shipments, but between manufacturers generally do not sound difficult to improve the profitability of financial and always like a UXO. Dual wielding more than 30% of the initial impression punitive tariffs, some manufacturers face shrinking gross profit impact, there are also profiting from some manufacturers.

Facing the market stringent test, depressed profitability will be further compressed water vendors cash, cash flow problems if the situation appears to be unable to pay special attention to the debt may cause a chain reaction. 've Shipped to emerging markets companies, also need to pay particular attention to whether the financial position of the huge expenditure cope construction of power plants, and emerging markets more opaque political face and information such as the risk of uncertainty.

Imminent outbreak of World Solar Revolution...


When we talk about renewable energy, there are many different options fields. Recently, wind energy renewable energy seems to be the favorite. However, experts believe that solar energy could be at the edge of a revolution. Because people are now more aware of how much solar energy is generated annually in the end.

According to experts, in the earth receives solar energy equivalent to an annual 12.2 trillion watts. Exact, it is like all human energy consumed in a year more than 20,000 times. Therefore, if there is so much solar energy can be supplied to the earth, why do not more companies to invest in renewable energy in this form it? Fact situation, making use of solar module energy is too expensive. Due to high cost of solar energy production of the world's total with only seven percent.

According to the U.S. Department of Energy is understood that solar costs about $ 156 per MWh. Such a high cost, difficult for companies want to invest in solar energy, because the cost of coal per MWh of energy produced is only $ 99. Most importantly, the U.S. is booming period of natural gas, natural gas per MWh of energy produced only costs about $ 65. Therefore, it is clear, from an economic point of view, is not really a good choice solar energy.

Worse, experts say because the home solar panels energy storage is difficult, so the solar still a realistic choice. After all, only produce solar energy during the day. Therefore, solar energy must be well stored, so that it can be used at night.

However, the solar panel to be more efficient. According to reports, in the 1970s, solar panels solar energy can be converted into energy with only 8% of today's solar panels become more efficient, up to 44% conversion rate. Of course, the conversion rate of the solar cell will continue to rise. Currently, researchers are busy developing new technologies that will be able to put 54% of the light into energy.

Of course, this will inevitably reduce the production costs of solar energy. If this improvement program lasts 8 to 10 years, the U.S. solar per MWh will only cost about $ 120. This will make it compared with other forms of energy will be more competitive, such as nuclear power and coal.

2013年5月21日星期二

First Solar executives interpret the solar market opportunities and challenges for the Middle East


Today, in late March, First Solar Middle East and North Africa Project Director Matt Merfert moved to Dubai. His mission: to expand the company in the Arabian Peninsula sunny desert areas photovoltaic business, one because of its rich oil reserves and the slow development of the renewable energy area. However, this situation is changed, First Solar is to obtain a favorable position.

Spotless Dubai Marina (Dubai Marina), I caught up with Mr. Merfert, asked him to talk about the challenges and opportunities faced by the mppt charge controller market in the Middle East. Reporter: At present solar region of the Middle East in what state? First Solar will be how to adapt to this situation? Of merfert: solar can be roughly divided into four different types, each in a different R & D and industrialization stage, they are: solar hot water, concentrating solar thermal power (CSP), photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar (CPV).

PV deployment of installed capacity and energy costs leading the other three technologies, which directly convert photons into electrons, no moving parts, relies fundamentally on solid-state semiconductor physics. First Solar thin-film cadmium telluride focus on (CdTe) PV modules, it has the obvious advantage of low-cost manufacturing and high temperature performance. Recently, the conversion efficiency of cadmium telluride components to create a new world record, the component of the total area efficiency of 16.1%, the result has been confirmed by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

While Europe and the United States has always been a major market for solar power, but we have seen more and more demand from the Middle East, India, South Africa, China and Japan. Reporter: First off grid inverter why you want to add to the game in the Middle East to do? Is it really a growth area, because there are an abundance of cheap oil.
Merfert: We had better be seen as two markets of the Middle East: Energy exporting and energy-importing countries.

Promote the realization of solar energy-exporting countries seems to be a contradiction, because the region occupy the global mining for more than half of the crude oil reserves. However, these energy-exporting countries increasingly recognize that solar energy investment will help reduce domestic oil and natural gas consumption for power generation, freeing up more resources for export. In view of some of the region one-third of the country's oil production for domestic power generation needs. Contribute to the development of solar oil exports of these countries to promote economic diversification and rapid development.

Energy-importing countries, the situation is different. These countries import large quantities of energy, often had to face many challenges, such as supply disruptions and fluctuations in fuel prices. These countries have begun to recognize that solar energy can become an important part of its generation portfolio, cushioning the adverse effects of fluctuations in fuel prices, thereby ensuring energy security.

European solar trade tariffs or slow market growth


EU plans announced on 6 June 2013 the levying of countervailing duties on Chinese solar companies details. Countervailing duties is expected to be between 30% -67.9%, with an average tax rate of up to 47.6%. Anti-dumping duties will be announced in August. Both tariffs will be finalized at the end of 2013.

Taiwan enterprises may benefit from EU punitive tariffs on Chinese enterprises, Digitimes Research. However, due to the lack of low-priced products, the European Photovoltaic Panels market growth will slow. For Chinese companies, the worse the export market will lead to a substantial rise in inventory levels.

China may temporarily orders to other Asian companies, but in the long run, due to cost concerns and other countries may also be initiated antitrust investigation, the manufacturing out of China may be the best solution.
In retaliation, the Chinese government is also anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigations polysilicon manufacturers in the United States, the European Union and South Korea. Once the EU announced punitive tariffs, China is very likely to respond. Therefore, polysilicon mppt charge controller prices are expected to fluctuate.

Since 2012 the United States on Chinese-made solar cells impose punitive tariffs, solar trade war never stops. However, due to the European market accounts for more than 50% of Chinese enterprises solar exports, the EU's action will cause more serious impact on Chinese enterprises.

2013年5月20日星期一

Trade protectionism is not the EU analgesics



The European Commission warned on Wednesday, ready to initiated anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigations on imports from China's mobile communications equipment. This is the second time to show the strength of its trade within the EU a week. Fears that trade protectionism is on the rise in the 27-nation alliance.

As the EU's executive arm, the European Commission on Wednesday decided to impose punitive tariffs of up to 47 percent of China's Photovoltaic Panels  The decision value of about 21 billion euros (about 27.6 billion U.S. dollars) of Chinese exports, so far the EU's largest anti-dumping cases. The two cases caused great concern not only because of the massive trade in jeopardy, it and clean energy and other emerging industries rather than sunset industries such as textile and footwear industry as a target, opening up a new trade friction of the two economies positions.

European Commission to take the occasion of the latest attack measures still bogged down in the sovereign debt crisis coincided with the European Union on the occasion, the temptation of trade protectionism is becoming stronger. According to official data, the European Union is experiencing the most severe economic contraction since 1995, GDP fell 0.7% in the first quarter of this year. History has proven that the crisis is most likely to lead to trade protectionism, but certainly not the economic plight of painkillers trade protectionism.

The sovereign debt crisis has been going on for almost four years, and still no end in sight, a wake-up call to the EU is losing its competitive edge in an increasingly globalized world, some of its member states. The establishment of trade barriers during the crisis to protect European companies, to quell the angry an inexpensive way, but this practice solar controller is contrary to the solution to the crisis, which requires painful, and even full reform of the political risk, in order to improve competition in the EU economies force.

A more dynamic Europe can only be built on top of the open environment of free market competition, rather than expel the external opponents. Stick to its commitment to keep the market open, the EU actually help themselves. Clearly, the recent case against Huawei and ZTE, two leading Chinese telecommunications systems and equipment suppliers, their services to customers around the world, and cooperation with many European partners.

The first unilateral investigation against Chinese products, the European Commission, the signal is passed to the outside world is that it has been the support of Europe's growing trade protectionist forces. This radical approach may lead to a tit-for-tat trade war, which does not meet the interests of any party. The European Commission said that the decision will not take effect, the purpose is to set aside time to negotiate with China to find "friendly solution".

Negotiations with a trade threat of punishment, however, can hardly be called friendly. As the world's two largest economies and major trading partners, China and the EU have every reason for the bilateral trade to create a stable environment, and work to develop the huge potential of the depth of cooperation.

Solar industry capital expenditure in 2013 will hit a 7-year low


Although the photovoltaic supply chain global capital expenditure this year is expected to fall to its lowest level since 2006, but there are signs that investment downturn has bottomed, equipment purchases may soon rebound. According to the information and analysis provider IHS PV manufacturing and capital expenditure Tools, 2013 PV business capital spending will decline from $ 3.6 billion in 2012 to $ 2.3 billion, down 36%.

The expected decline in the 2013 capital expenditure of $ 2.4 billion in 2006 to its lowest level since. This also marks the market decline in 2011 after peaking the second consecutive year, the the 2012 photovoltaic industry spending plummeted 75%. However, capital expenditure is expected to rebound in 2014, an increase of 30% to 30 billion U.S. dollars. The photovoltaic business chain enterprises have been reduced capacity utilization, production line is idle in the past year and a half, "IHS solar panel analyst Jon-Frederick Campos said.

PV companies have been doing, trying to cope with excess capacity, alleviate the decline in average selling price pressure caused by this phenomenon in 2012 and so far in 2013, new manufacturing equipment spending fell sharply, however, as prices gradually stabilized, and some PV market manufacturing recovery, indications that the decline in capital spending may be coming to an end. "

2012: Solar Cataclysm 2012, the Photovoltaic Panels industry has been to speed up production, many companies focus on to achieve higher efficiency cells and modules. As a result, a plurality of steps in the manufacturing process increases.
However, this results in the increased capital expenditure, followed by a rise in operating expenses. Later, overcapacity, oversupply and prices plummeted holding the market center stage of the period of the past 18 months, companies suddenly have to reduce manufacturing steps.

At this stage, the cost reduction can also become support weak Margin key. Not according to this company eventually went out of business closed down. Solar cycle For now, the worst case seems coming to an end, there are indications that the decline in capital spending has bottomed out. Spending is finally expected to rebound in the short term, the industry will subsequently pick up. For example, in the past quarter, Latin America, the United States and the Asia-Pacific region a new production base, production also increased.

Sometime in the recent industry will come full circle back to the beginning again, "Campos said. "The solar market has experienced booming, and then because of the rapid success of their own suffering but once the dust settles, the industry will be operating, financial and technical aspects become more powerful. Remainder of the year is likely to determine which will retain a large market share and consolidate its position as the industry leader. "

2013年5月19日星期日

The foreign permitted to invest in solar power generation in 7 provinces and cities of China


China's National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce (16) yesterday jointly issued by the central and western regions of foreign investment in competitive industries directory (2013 Amendment) "(hereinafter referred to as" directory "), solar power generation equipment and parts manufacturing are included in Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Sichuan , Guizhou and other provinces and cities in foreign investment in competitive industries directory. Analysis of the industry, the move is expected to reduce trade friction of the Chinese solar products.

Compared with the 2008 amendments directory of the solar grid tie inverter power generation equipment and component manufacturing provinces included in the Catalogue of Priority Industries for Foreign Investment increased from the previous four to seven, namely: Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Gansu, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Chongqing. Previous foreign investment in solar power generation equipment is limited to equity joint ventures or contractual joint ventures, but this time there is no limit.

Xiamen University, China Energy Economic Research Center Lin Boqiang said to encourage foreign power generation equipment manufacturing, although the short term will exacerbate overcapacity, but in the long run can speed up the development and utilization of solar energy resources, improve the energy structure; also conducive to promote local economic development. It is understood that, according to the "Guiding Foreign Investment Regulations, belonging to the" directory "of foreign investment projects enjoy the preferential policies of encouraged foreign investment projects. "Directory" after the implementation of the compliance of foreign investment in the construction project can enjoy preferential policies.

The data show that, as of now, China's solar cell power generation capacity of 300 million kilowatts, more than 60% of the global total, ranking first in the world. However, due to the new energy industry at the grid connection, there is a certain technical requirements, coupled with the high cost of industry its infancy, was only 10% of solar products for domestic use. The past by exports in the future to increase the domestic market planning. "October 27, 2012, China International Solar Summit organized by the National Energy Board, the China Photovoltaic Industry Alliance Secretary-General Wang Bo and several officials of the National Energy Board expressed a similar view.

On the day before the summit, the State Grid Corporation announced that from November 1 of the year, who meet the conditions of distributed PV projects, will provide a free program for the development, and network testing, debugging the whole process of service and commitment surplus power purchase all. This means that all the roofs and photovoltaic building integration projects are free grid.

Favorable policies to feel better vision has been the new energy enterprises to be more convinced that once the judgment. Miao Jia, Yingli Group distributed power investment management company general manager, said solar energy as an alternative energy source, its application should be popular. In April 2012, the Ministry of Industry and the solar photovoltaic industry, "second Five-Year" development plan "that strive to 2015, the cost of photovoltaic power generation dropped to 0.8 yuan / kWh, it has a certain economic competitiveness.

However, for industries and enterprises, it seems that you do not have to wait until 2015. Yingli Group, responsible person told reporters a few days ago, technological progress and innovation, so that the cost of photovoltaic power generation gradually close to the thermal power, with the national policy to vigorously promote the PV have the strength to compete with conventional power generation mode. The next period of time, the photovoltaic power generation with traditional energy is certainly in a coexistence phase.

PV industry trends


Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission issued to the part of government agencies and photovoltaic power generation companies under the draft to improve the photovoltaic power price policy notice "(hereinafter referred to as" the draft "), a new embodiment of photovoltaic electricity price. In the draft for the large ground-based power plants, according to the lighting conditions of the country into four categories of resource area, sub-regional development of Internet benchmark price change in the past the country "one size fits all" 1 yuan / kWh standard.

The same time, "the draft" to encourage market-oriented pricing and bidding, which means that sell electricity grid will be competing low-cost "for Internet license. Distributed photovoltaic solar panel manufacturers electricity price subsidy price of 0.35 yuan / kWh, not only lower than previous market expectations of 0.4 to 0.6 yuan / kWh, and is limited to self-occupied part of the Internet does not include more than electricity. After all hot private sale of electricity to the state, still only in accordance with the local benchmark for coal-fired power grid tariff sold, can not enjoy subsidies.

This will force the power station operators have Yajian the cost of compressed margins, had to face the pressure of short-term ice-breaking development for the entire PV power plant industry. On the other hand, the subsidy funds still come from renewable energy development fund, pass-by power grid enterprises distributed photovoltaic solar grid tie inverter power generation projects. Present, the encounter arrears has the grid changed hands subsidies are commonplace, and some subsidies for renewable energy or even not yet released for the development of photovoltaic power generation industry, which had caused financial pressure.

Throughout the international market, the EU anti-double 3-month period for prosecution will be gradually reflected in the second quarter, according to the statement before: "The original sin of the photovoltaic industry is China's photovoltaic products, over-reliance on overseas markets, rather than overcapacity." Data show that China's photovoltaic production capacity in the proportion of the world's total production capacity has reached 80% of the Chinese PV application market accounted for only 0.8% of the global market. The proportion of the poor against the background of the gap between supply and demand imbalance in the status quo of China's photovoltaic industry inside and outside. The domestic market lag caused the root causes of domestic photovoltaic industry phased overcapacity and suffered double reverse in Europe and the United States.

Export this backing into an iceberg, the domestic photovoltaic industry will face the risk of collapse, a large number of PV companies escape the close down. State subsidies for photovoltaic power generation efforts as well as expected, aimed at reducing the dependence of the photovoltaic business policy, and to phase out backward efficiency or small-scale manufacturers and integrators, in the long term, this policy can create a healthier, more robust industry environment; however, the blow suffered by the industry as a whole in the short term will be unable to predict, to some extent, may be a direct result of the wait-and-see and stagnation of industrial development.

After all, the size of subsidies will directly affect the profits of the photovoltaic power plant project, an indirect impact on the upper reaches of the solar cell. The government does not seem to want to before excess capacity fully eliminated, excessive subsidies to the domestic market. Distributed self-occupied subsidy intensity was significantly lower than the expected rate of return is seriously low, indicating that the national integration of the industry, and promote cost down the degree of attention, higher than the degree of attention on the activation of the domestic market, the short term, the promotion of distributed photovoltaic will face greater pressure.

This year tariff subsidy policy, the annual installed capacity of 10GW target may be more difficult to achieve, and various travel for the photovoltaic industry enterprises, there is no doubt, for the photovoltaic power generation industry in 2013, will be another challenging year for who have to compete in photovoltaic, become the final winner of this marathon?

2013年5月16日星期四

Solar products can not achieve a good integration of photovoltaic, solar thermal


Specific to the solar water heater products, First, a common problem in the technical performance: solar water heater collector element vacuum tube fouling is severe, so that the decline in the efficiency of the vacuum tube absorbs heat. Although the absorbing film coating process has been a lot of innovation to improve, but the thermal resistance of the scale is too large, does not make the vacuum tube collector efficiency is greatly improved;

Water heater poor circulation lead to reduction in thermal efficiency. According to the principle of vacuum tube collector element cycle - the proportion of hot and cold water and convective circulation, but due to the hot and cold water with a cavity and conduction causes the tube to the water temperature consistent, and thus the loss of the use of the temperature difference between hot and cold water cycle power, combined with the vacuum tube of the reflector, the reflector reflection vacuum tube backlight surface heat damage cold water downstream channel cycle dead, destroyed the water heater cycle power, water heater cycle is not Chang, thus leading to thermal efficiency is greatly decreased

Is not easy to run under pressure. Existing PV inverter water heater collector component of solar vacuum tube diameter pipe, sealed by a rubber ring and vacuum tube installed in the water heater, the rubber ring leaking due to the tank hydraulic pressure large or aging of the rubber ring and vacuum collector tube opening structure, very large vacuum tube to withstand the water pressure, water pressure tank bracket overwhelmed, leading to the vacuum tube is the top of the solar water heater vacuum tube can not be confined to run;

Diameter mounted solar collector component design so that it can not take full advantage of the effective illumination of the unit area, thus leading to low collection efficiency of heat collecting element; fifth is due to the intake pipe solar water heater design is not reasonable protective measures is not enough perfect, so that the solar water heater to the water intake pipe frozen block the cracking in the north and the alpine region and can not be used;

Sixth, existing solar controller water heater liner stainless steel liner or enamel interior, stainless steel liner is sanitary, but it also contains heavy metals, stainless steel has been destroyed in the welding process of the lattice structure of the metal, will cause corrosion leaks, is not conducive to the health of users, some low-quality stainless steel may release harmful heavy metals, magnesium anode rod called descaling way to increase the scale of the water, but will not conducive to health;

Seven existing solar water heaters are mostly followed the traditional installation, solar water heater installed on the roof or on the roof, in the high-rise buildings in the city, this installation method is unable to meet the demand of the people to use solar water heaters, and roof installation of solar water heater caused a lot of insecurity; eight is the use of solar water heaters in summer, often boiling evaporation, water in the tank becomes water vapor run away, both caused by waste, the hardness of the water in the tank and make larger, do not conducive to human health; solar water heaters do not work well with the lithium bromide refrigeration heating and building integration;

Nine collector components of the solar water heater vacuum tube solar water heater can not be used due to the cracking of the water freezes in the cold season; In addition, solar energy products can not achieve a good photoelectric light and heat integration; rain on a cloudy day solar water heaters, solar water heaters can not be good with other heat sources, such as the deployment of heat pump energy used in combination; solar water heater can not be done photovoltaic, solar thermal, solar tracking, not efficient use of solar energy; pressure to run, then stopped in the water water does not work properly, causing inconvenience;

Glass shell metal heat pipe between the glass and metal flange weld metal due to thermal expansion and contraction, fatigue, aging, metal heat pipe leak caused by glass enclosure, which restricts the life and the scope of application of the glass shell metal heat pipe ;

Sun all-glass heat pipe wall contact caused due to the quench liquid working medium and high temperature caused by thermal shock lead to burst or cause an explosion due to the high working pressure and cause an explosion or scratch glass wall stress; solar water heater to the machinery of the water is often due to the state of the pressure without water you can not use non-pressure is often caused by running water closed lax and difficult to automatically row of dirt, scale down the river in the process of taking a bath these issues are to some extent restricted the application of solar products.

The problems exposed in the process of the development of solar energy


Solar water heaters after 20 years of development today, China's solar water heater industry from scratch, from small to large, experienced a rapid development period, has appeared in four products, namely nausea drying-type water heaters, plate-type water heater, all glass vacuum tube water heaters and heat pipe vacuum tube water heater. Although the efficacy of performance has been greatly improved, but the result is still not satisfactory.

Currently exist or is no good solution includes the following aspects: increase the collector area, the vacuum tube scaling, cracking, poor circulation, down pipes freeze plugs, vacuum tube, water tank seal is not good, water heaters can not The pressure to run the water heater "summer boil, water heater the winter cracking pumping flat, pressurized small solar panels water heater can not control thermostat pressure, can not be used without water, solar energy and buildings are not well integrated combined, single-tube rupture affecting the operation of the system, automatic control of water supply, auxiliary heating organic combination with other heat source.

When customers face many disorder, the ruins lying with the solar water heater on the roof, in the face of those spring winter volts - bad winter with solar water heaters, face make maintenance calls is empty, find manufacturers investigation no such factory "PV inverter energy", in the face of hammering technology behind the hand workshop production of "hand-solar", they can not help a lot of trouble? Therefore, purchased and installed trouble, trouble, service trouble, and neighborhood relations, and property management in trouble and other issues must be restricting the development of solar water heaters. Faced with such a discrete and strong, waste and raw material resources industry, national authorities have in considering to take the necessary measures.

   Solar water heater is born, it has high profits from low-threshold gradual transition to a low-margin high threshold. With the strength of some manufacturers, modern equipment and internal quality improvement has been gradual and hand-workshop-type enterprises distance. Some manufacturers want to expand production capacity, expand the industrial scale, lower prices to make solar energy more affordable, and can get into the homes of ordinary people, so that the prices were inflated, enterprises are facing tremendous pressure, and then start the solar industry shuffle.

However, restricting the development of solar energy industry and is not only the price factor and capacity factor! But the solar water heater can not change 20 years of rigid structure, can overcome many drawbacks exist in the solar water heater, solar building integration can not be achieved, give full play to focus on the preparation of domestic hot water whether to play a solar system to take drinking distilled water, heating, cooling advantages, as well as whether the solar collector components and building materials organic combination demonstrated the advantages of the characteristics of the solar collector components renewable.

Therefore, if the solar water heater can not be a perfect combination with the building, even if the use of solar energy, also because of the destruction of the beauty of the building and increased insecurity, neighborhood, property and the user, solar water heaters and between users, between the water heater and building the obvious contradiction that can not be reconciled. Due to the presence of these constraints, the solar water heater to quickly reach a certain market share, has yet to further expand the industrial scale started to slow down the pace of development, become more apparent contradiction with the various aspects of the development potential of the industry as a whole.

Additionally, there is no solar photovoltaic, heating, cooling, integration and building zero energy supply and the lack of organic combination with other heating, cooling device, the solar products has always been difficult to righting harder to humble, and with the heat pump water heater , air conditioning, water heaters, the rise of highly variable, so that the future of solar products.

2013年5月15日星期三

Huang Ming Solar stainless steel liner and then exposed the unspoken rules of the industry is suffering from "gallstones"


Yesterday afternoon, Huang Ming Group to reconvene the exposed latent strong standard conference It is understood that the exposure potential "gallstones" directed at the existing solar water heaters, stainless steel liner, leading to corrosion, leaks and perforations, three to five years will be the whole scrapped.Unlike in the past, this time, in addition to exposure unspoken rules, Emperor Ming Group proposed solutions, and anti-fouling rot "Five anti-aircraft launch the UTAC designed specifically for the Chinese water quality.

Have claimed that Emperor Ming while exposure unspoken rules launch its own products, while commercial interests doping which was unfair, but Huang Ming said, only exposure to potential solutions not to mention, is the industry's largest tragedy and injustice.
Solar stainless steel liner suffering from gallstones in the first half of 2005, a Shandong camp estuary consumers to buy a certain brand of solar cell manufacturers water heaters, but it took five years, in April this year, the water leakage, he hit service and repair telephone consultation, the other water quality problems cause the liner wear rust leaks, expensive maintenance costs.

Now the consumer is very distressed, repair, to pay on a more expensive cost, replace it with a new machine, and later leaking, how to do? "This is not the case, the industry-wide prevalence of this problem, from Emperor Ming industry monitoring data, the impact of the water heater performance quality and safety problems due to the stainless steel liner, but the problem has yet to solve, which is the current solar water heater the unspoken rules of the market. "Huang Ming Solar Energy Minister of the market in Dapeng said.

It is understood that the main reason for solar cell efficiency stainless steel liner corrosion can be divided into three categories, with stainless steel material, thickness, and welding with the user's regional water quality.
Most susceptible to corrosion of stainless steel liner weld, handling bad leak. If the welding alcohol wipe before: a handprint or grease, chromium atoms in the carbon atoms contained in easily with liner inside a chemical reaction, the formation of chromium depleted zone intergranular corrosion occurs easily corrosion leakage, resulting in the whole short-lived. If the low grades of stainless steel, low chromium, nickel, or nickel-free, easy to corrosion leaks.

"More importantly, if the user area of
​​poor water quality, more likely to exacerbate the corrosion rate and extent of the liner, liner leaks, solar scrapped." Said Zhang Lifeng, Huang Ming Solar technology research and development center. Zhang Lifeng said: "Although the problem is so serious, but industry-wide attention and solve this problem, many solar water heater, stainless steel liner thickness is not enough in order to reduce the cost of recommended national standard 0.5mm, the vast majority of more than 20% of the thin, like a piece of paper, it is easy to rust breakdown some even welded by hand, it is easy to form a Weld over welding, corrosion leaks within a short time. "

Hyundai Motor proposed South Korea's largest rooftop photovoltaic power stations


South Korean car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Company (Hyundai Motor Company) is planning to install the country's largest rooftop photovoltaic power plant in Asan, South Chungcheong Province, its manufacturer. Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) will buy the 10MW power station to generate electricity, and electricity is sold to nearby factories, including Asan.

Modern is planning to cooperate with thermal power generation company in Korea Midland Power installed approximately 40,000 grid connected inverter photovoltaic modules in Asan printing, welding, assembly and engine building roof, by the end of 2013.The plant covers an area of
​​over 213,000 m2, with the component is expected to cover 68% of the entire roof area.

Grid, the facility each year will produce a steady supply of up to 11.5 million KWh of electricity, enough to provide electricity for 3,200 families, and reduce 5,600 tons of carbon dioxide emissions. The Asan projects will be equipped with sprinklers, in order to reduce the temperature of the solar modules, by lowering the indoor temperature to save energy at the same time in the hot season.
Major professors in academia recently have broken components, a big step forward in the direction of the battery exchange.

June 2013 IEEE Power Electronics special issue of power electronic applications in the photovoltaic field, including three articles aimed submoduleconverter (translation: 'component converter'), they were from the three power electronics Daniel group MIT, UIUC UofColorado,. This technique is a component in the battery is divided into three groups, the installation of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to each group so that you can maximize reduce mismatch losses.

The size, efficiency and stability of the device of this technology has a very high demand, the MIT research team used an ultra-high switching frequency converter (veryhighswitchingfrequencyconverter) to reduce the size of the energy storage element so that it can easily the put into the original module junction box (junctionbox).
Course, academia hot is not necessarily equivalent to a high practical value, not necessarily to prove that is the future direction of development.

Large inverters and small solar cell manufacturers topology, control method, and switching elements are not the same, there is a competitive relationship. At least in the large-scale photovoltaic power plants, micro-inverse also see less than the value of any application. But I personally think that this technology brings high efficiency in small-scale distributed systems, safe and convenient installation, design flexibility and other advantages will make it stand out. Price factors can hinder the promotion of a product, from the historical point of view, the price factor does not hinder a technology widely used.