Whether centralized power generation and
distributed generation needs a stable power supply, and reliable. Distributed
use of solar photovoltaic power generation is an important means for people to
use clean energy. However, the night of the replacement, weather impermanence,
distributed photovoltaic power output does not have regularity, and access to
the public grid, the public power grid as a backup. Access to distributed power
grid includes several aspects
First, the impact on the grid planning.
Load forecasting is the basis for the design of grid planning, the ability to
accurately predict the load of grid planning prerequisite. Distributed PV solar inverter grid,
increase the load forecasting difficulty in their region, and change the
existing load growth mode. Access to a large number of distributed power,
transformation and management of the distribution network has become more
complex.
Second, different grid effects vary. Off
the network running distributed PV on the grid; grid but not distributed power
to the power grid photovoltaic power generation will cause voltage
fluctuations; grid and the power grid to the power grid, will cause voltage
fluctuations and affect the relay protection of the configuration.
Third, the impact of power quality. The
influence of a distributed photovoltaic access important is caused by the
change in the voltage distribution on the feeder, the impact of the size and
access capacity, access location closely related. The photovoltaic power
generation is generally connected to the grid through an inverter, frequent
turn-on and turn-off of the type of power electronic devices, prone to harmonic
pollution.
Fourth on protection. Most of our
distribution network for single supply radial structure to use more off-speed,
limited forms of protection quick break, and do not have directionality. This
type of protection in the conventional radiation distribution networks, it is
possible to effectively protect all the lines. However, the distribution
network access for distributed power injected power causes the relay range
narrow, can not be reliably protect the whole line, even in the other parallel
branch failure, caused by the installation of distributed photovoltaic relay
mistakenly action.
Take economic levers to ensure the
photovoltaic power generation capacity continued to grow steadily. German
Renewable Energy Act subsidies for photovoltaic power generation, application
for rooftop PV PV inverter and other types of terrestrial photovoltaic photovoltaic power
generation mode, the subsidy intensity scale.
The law of the country in 2012, the latest
modified grid tariff for photovoltaic power generation from 17.94 euro cents
per kWh to 24.43 cents per kilowatt-hour. The country also provides that,
within the next 12 months if the installed capacity of more than 3.5 million
kilowatts, Internet price dropped 3%;, Internet price decreased by 15% if more
than 7.5 million kilowatts. China
is eager to save the domestic photovoltaic enterprises, ready to quickly start
the PV market, but should also consider how to take reasonable strategy in the
future to ensure its steady development.
The development of rational distributed
photovoltaic power management methods to ensure the safe operation of the power
grid. Spain
requires an area to install a distributed power capacity of less than 50% for
the region of the peak load, try to avoid the the distributed power anti power
transmission. Germany
requires more than 100 kilowatts of distributed power remote communication and
control devices must be installed, in order to understand its output in
real-time scheduling and scheduling.
Spanish grid scheduling does not have the
remote monitoring and control of large-scale photovoltaic power generation
capacity, transmission operators only require more than 10,000 kilowatts of solar grid tie inverter photovoltaic power generation projects installed telemetry device, while no
such large-scale photovoltaic projects in Spain. With the increase of
megawatt-class projects, these projects is the lack of the telemetry equipment
grid operation will have a significant impact.
Development of large-scale distributed
power, you need to invest a lot of money to upgrade the power grid. At present,
Germany has begun to take some indirect measures to meet the requirements of
distributed power access distribution network, as superiors transformer upgrade
transforming the access point, reconfigure the feeder voltage conditions and
control equipment. German research institutions that need an additional 195,000
to 38 million meters of new high-voltage and medium-voltage distribution
network line to meet the German PV development goals, and appropriate
investment of 13 billion euros to 27 billion euros.
The whole society to allocate the cost of
power grids of distributed photovoltaic power generation access. Additional
foreign government through the imposition of tariffs to support the necessary
power grids and distributed power access.
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